{"id":4401,"date":"2021-10-18T18:34:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-18T18:34:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rth.jzu.mybluehost.me\/website_8880be76\/?p=4401"},"modified":"2023-12-26T18:38:14","modified_gmt":"2023-12-26T18:38:14","slug":"kada-vajadziba-cilvekam-pec-transcendences","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/en\/kada-vajadziba-cilvekam-pec-transcendences\/","title":{"rendered":"What is man's need for transcendence"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Uz k\u0101d\u0101m cilv\u0113ka vajadz\u012bb\u0101m nor\u0101da interese par transcendentiem apzi\u0146as st\u0101vok\u013ciem un tiek\u0161an\u0101s praktiz\u0113t metodes, kas pal\u012bdz tajos non\u0101kt (medit\u0101cija, joga, l\u016bg\u0161anas, elpo\u0161anas prakses, psihoakt\u012bvo vielu lieto\u0161ana, pa\u0161izzi\u0146a, apzin\u0101t\u012bba u.c.)? Lai atbild\u0113tu uz \u0161o jaut\u0101jumu, talk\u0101 \u0146em\u0161u Maslova teoriju par cilv\u0113ka motiv\u0101ciju (<em>a theory of human motivation<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u012as\u0101 atbildes versija<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Transcendence ir viena no cilv\u0113ka vajadz\u012bb\u0101m, kuru m\u0113s tiecamies piepild\u012bt, jo tas vienk\u0101r\u0161i ir m\u016bsu dab\u0101. Tie\u0161i t\u0101pat k\u0101 mums ir vajadz\u012bba p\u0113c \u0113diena, \u016bdens, siltuma, dro\u0161\u012bbas, pieder\u012bbas, m\u012blest\u012bbas, nov\u0113rt\u0113juma, cie\u0146as un pa\u0161aktualiz\u0101cijas \u2013 tie\u0161i t\u0101pat mums ir vajadz\u012bba ar\u012b p\u0113c transcendences.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Klasiskaj\u0101 Maslova piram\u012bd\u0101 t\u0101 liel\u0101koties netiek att\u0113lota (<a href=\"https:\/\/idarto.com\/kapec-mes-tik-maz-runajam-par-transcendences-vajadzibu\/\">da\u017e\u0101du v\u0113sturisku iemeslu un interpret\u0101ciju d\u0113\u013c<\/a>). Tom\u0113r paties\u012bb\u0101 Maslovs, l\u012bdztekus cit\u0101m vajadz\u012bb\u0101m, ir defin\u0113jis ar\u012b vajadz\u012bbu p\u0113c transcendences. Un, gad\u012bjumos, kad transcendence Maslova piram\u012bd\u0101 tiek att\u0113lota, t\u0101 tiek z\u012bm\u0113ta k\u0101 augst\u0101kais vajadz\u012bbu l\u012bmenis \u2013 virs pa\u0161aktualiz\u0101cijas (<em>self-actualization<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/idarto.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Untitled-design-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4095\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Maslova piram\u012bdas versijas<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u0101 ir t\u0101 vajadz\u012bba, kuras d\u0113\u013c m\u0113s uzdodam jaut\u0101jumus: kas es esmu? K\u0101da ir manas dz\u012bves j\u0113ga? Vai past\u0101v kaut kas \u0101rpus manis? Vai es esmu sasniedzis savu sp\u0113ju robe\u017eas? K\u0101das visp\u0101r ir cilv\u0113ka sp\u0113ju robe\u017eas? \u0160ie un citi l\u012bdz\u012bgas dabas jaut\u0101jumi signaliz\u0113, ka aktualiz\u0113jusies vajadz\u012bba p\u0113c transcendences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Savuk\u0101rt transcendences vajadz\u012bbas piepild\u012b\u0161ana aizved cilv\u0113ku l\u012bdz non\u0101k\u0161anai transcendentos (main\u012btos, papla\u0161in\u0101tos) apzi\u0146as st\u0101vok\u013cos. Maslova teorij\u0101 tie ir&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/idarto.com\/mainitu-apzinas-stavoklu-veidi\/\">virsot\u0146u p\u0101rdz\u012bvojumi (<em>peak experiences<\/em><\/a>), kuru laik\u0101 cilv\u0113ks p\u0101rsniedz savas person\u012bbas robe\u017eas un uztver past\u0101vo\u0161o no augst\u0101kas perspekt\u012bvas. \u0160\u012bs pieredzes raksturo intens\u012bvi izjustas pozit\u012bvas emocijas \u2013 prieks, laimes, miera, piln\u012bbas izj\u016bta un apzin\u0101t\u012bba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u0101tad \u2013 k\u0101da vajadz\u012bba? Dabiska vajadz\u012bba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Gar\u0101 atbildes versija<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ja run\u0101jam gar\u0101k, tad viss k\u013c\u016bst mazliet sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101k, jo j\u0101s\u0101k saprast Maslova piram\u012bdas teor\u0113tiskais fons un konteksts. Turkl\u0101t, papildus ir sare\u017e\u0123\u012bjums taj\u0101, ka Maslovs nekad savu teoriju par cilv\u0113ka vajadz\u012bb\u0101m un motiv\u0101ciju nav att\u0113lojis piram\u012bdas form\u0101. \u0160is man pa\u0161ai ir nesens atkl\u0101jums, un, j\u0101saka, ka \u0161\u012bs v\u0113stures versijas uzzin\u0101\u0161ana man\u0101 galv\u0101 daudz ko salika \u201cpa plaukti\u0146iem\u201d. Paldies par to j\u0101saka intere\u0161u biedram, kur\u0161 man uz \u0161o \u201cceli\u0146u\u201d nor\u0101d\u012bja. Zin\u0101ju, ka Maslova piram\u012bdu past\u0101v daudz spekul\u0101ciju un interpret\u0101ciju (taj\u0101 skait\u0101, ka teorija nav zin\u0101tniski pier\u0101d\u012bta, ka piram\u012bda esot \u201cj\u0101grie\u017e otr\u0101di\u201d u.c.), un pati \u0161o teoriju nekad neesmu uztv\u0113rusi k\u0101 \u201cvideo sp\u0113li\u201d (skaidrojums n\u0101kamaj\u0101 rindkop\u0101), tom\u0113r \u0161is skat\u012bjums iedeva dzi\u013c\u0101ku izpratni. T\u0101p\u0113c dalos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u201cVideo sp\u0113les\u201d princips<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Klasiski par Maslova piram\u012bdu ir ierasts dom\u0101t k\u0101 video sp\u0113li \u2013 s\u0101c pirmaj\u0101 l\u012bmen\u012b (fiziolo\u0123isk\u0101s vajadz\u012bbas), kad esi apmierin\u0101jis \u0161o vajadz\u012bbu (pa\u0113dis, padz\u0113ris un siltum\u0101), tiec p\u0101rcelts otraj\u0101 l\u012bmen\u012b (dro\u0161\u012bba); kad esi ieguvis dro\u0161\u012bbu, iek\u013c\u016bsti tre\u0161aj\u0101 l\u012bmen\u012b (pieder\u012bbas izj\u016bta, socializ\u0113\u0161an\u0101s, m\u012blest\u012bba); kad ar\u012b \u0161is l\u012bmenis piepild\u012bts, s\u0101k rasties vajadz\u012bba p\u0113c cie\u0146as un nov\u0113rt\u0113juma \u2013 tiec ceturtaj\u0101 l\u012bmen\u012b; kad ar\u012b ceturt\u0101 l\u012bme\u0146a vajadz\u012bbas esi ieguvis, sasniedz piekto l\u012bmeni \u2013 s\u0101c pa\u0161aktualiz\u0113ties, izpausties rado\u0161i, dot kaut ko no sevis sabiedr\u012bbai. Visbeidzot, kad esi izdar\u012bjis visu iepriek\u0161 min\u0113to \u2013 s\u0101c piepild\u012bt vajadz\u012bbu p\u0113c transcendences.\u00a0<em>Congratulations! You win!\u00a0<\/em>Un \u2013 ja nepasp\u0113ji dz\u012bves laik\u0101 iziet cauri visiem l\u012bme\u0146iem!\u00a0<em>Sorry! Game over!\u00a0<\/em>Piedodiet, man pat\u012bk melnais humors.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Respekt\u012bvi \u2013 virz\u012b\u0161an\u0101s pa vajadz\u012bb\u0101m tiek uztverta (un bie\u017ei vien ar\u012b m\u0101c\u012bta) k\u0101 line\u0101rs process ar s\u0101kumu, beig\u0101m un konkr\u0113tiem pak\u0101pieniem pa vidu. Tom\u0113r&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5465\/amle.2017.0351\">t\u0101 nekad nav bijusi Maslova ideja<\/a>&nbsp;(<em>Bridgman et al<\/em>., 2019). Maslova piram\u012bda ir viens liels p\u0101rpratums un liec\u012bba par to, cik k\u013c\u016bdaini cilv\u0113ks sp\u0113j interpret\u0113t vi\u0146am pasniegto inform\u0101ciju.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ja s\u0101kam iedzi\u013cin\u0101ties taj\u0101, ko Maslovs bija dom\u0101jis ar savu teoriju par cilv\u0113ka motiv\u0101ciju, tad atkl\u0101jas no \u201cvideo sp\u0113les\u201d pavisam at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bga bilde. Br\u012bni\u0161\u0137\u012bgs Skota Berija Kaufmana (<em>Scott Barry Kaufman<\/em>) raksts, kur\u0101 skaidrota Maslova ori\u0123in\u0101l\u0101 ideja un pied\u0101v\u0101ts cits skat\u012bjums,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/scottbarrykaufman.com\/sailboat-metaphor\/\">\u0161eit<\/a>. Turpm\u0101k izmanto\u0161u \u0161\u012b autora rindkopas, jo Kaufmana pied\u0101v\u0101t\u0101 interpret\u0101cija man \u0161\u0137iet \u0101rk\u0101rt\u012bgi lo\u0123iska un daudz tuv\u0101ka tam,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/pdfs.semanticscholar.org\/799e\/de7676bbb166a33d61ae108436c4eb08c419.pdf?_ga=2.108013962.962010236.1634307893-1266398505.1634307893\">ko v\u0113l\u0113j\u0101s pateikt Maslovs<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Maslova ori\u0123in\u0101l\u0101 ideja<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Maslovs uzsv\u0113ra, ka cilv\u0113ks vienm\u0113r ir \u201ctap\u0161anas\u201d (<em>becoming<\/em>) st\u0101vokl\u012b, un ka cilv\u0113ka iek\u0161\u0113jais kodols sast\u0101v vien\u012bgi no potenci\u0101las iesp\u0113jam\u012bbas, nevis no gal\u0113jas aktualiz\u0101cijas. Turkl\u0101t, \u0161\u012b potenci\u0101l\u0101 iesp\u0113ja alla\u017e ir trausla, smalka, delik\u0101ta un viegli nobend\u0113jama ar zin\u0101\u0161anu apguvi, kult\u016bras ekspekt\u0101cij\u0101m, bail\u0113m, noraid\u012bjumu utt., un var viegli tikt aizmirsta, noliegta, neizmantota, p\u0101rprasta, neizteikta vai apspiesta. Maslovs ir skaidri nor\u0101d\u012bjis, ka cilv\u0113ka brieduma sasnieg\u0161ana ir nep\u0101rtraukts process, un ka izaugsme nav p\u0113k\u0161\u0146a par\u0101d\u012bba vai l\u0113cienveida fenomens, turkl\u0101t, bie\u017ei vien tas ir process, kas ved divus so\u013cus uz priek\u0161u, vienu atpaka\u013c. Un, cilv\u0113kam vienlaikus aktu\u0101las var b\u016bt da\u017e\u0101das vajadz\u012bbas, un t\u0101s ne oblig\u0101ti k\u013c\u016bst akt\u012bvas noteikt\u0101 sec\u012bb\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u0113l, Maslovs nekad nav akcent\u0113jis tiek\u0161anos uz sevis aktualiz\u0101ciju vai transcendenci k\u0101 uz \u201cdz\u012bves m\u0113r\u0137i\u201d, kas j\u0101piepilda. Vajadz\u012bbu un motiv\u0101cijas idej\u0101 nav uzsv\u0113rta tiek\u0161an\u0101s uz sasniegumu, kam ir konkurences noska\u0146a. Tas, ko Maslovs ir centies akcent\u0113t ir \u2013 pieredze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dz\u012bve nav tiek\u0161an\u0101s uz virsotni. T\u0101 dr\u012bz\u0101k ir pla\u0161s oke\u0101ns \u2013 bag\u0101ts ar iesp\u0113j\u0101m, noz\u012bm\u0113m un atkl\u0101jumiem, un ar\u012b ar briesm\u0101m, neskaidr\u012bbu un nezin\u0101mo. Un, s\u0113rfot ar piram\u012bdu pa \u0161\u0101du oke\u0101nu nav diez ko praktiski, vai ne? Der\u0113tu kaut kas funkcion\u0101l\u0101ks. T\u0101p\u0113c Kaufmans sav\u0101 rakst\u0101 pied\u0101v\u0101 citu metaforu \u2013 burulaivu.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Burulaivas metafora<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/idarto.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TranscendBoat-1024x527.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4087\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Illustration by&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.andyogden.com\/\">Andy Ogden<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Uz br\u012bdi iedom\u0101simies, ka mums visiem ir pa buru laivai!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pirmk\u0101rt, lai bur\u0101tu dz\u012bves oke\u0101na, mums ir j\u0101p\u0101rliecin\u0101s par to, ka laiva ir dro\u0161a bur\u0101\u0161anai \u2013 ka t\u0101 nav caura; ka mums ir pietiekami daudz p\u0101rtikas un \u016bdens rezervju; ka mums piem\u012bt bur\u0101\u0161anas prasmes un p\u0101rliec\u012bba par to, ka sp\u0113jam t\u0101s likt liet\u0101; ka nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbas gad\u012bjum\u0101 mums ir, kam l\u016bgt pal\u012bdz\u012bbu. Tie visi ir apst\u0101k\u013ci un vajadz\u012bbas, kas kop\u0101 rada dro\u0161\u012bbas izj\u016btu. Ja \u0161\u012bs vajadz\u012bbas nav piepild\u012btas, visa m\u016bsu ener\u0123ija tiek novirz\u012bta uz to, lai m\u0113s ieg\u016btu stabilit\u0101ti, ko t\u0101s rada. Ja paskat\u0101mies apk\u0101rt, varam nov\u0113rot, ka liela da\u013ca sabiedr\u012bbas ir aiz\u0146emti ar stabilit\u0101tes izj\u016btas ieg\u016b\u0161anu, l\u012bdz ar to bie\u017ei palai\u017e gar\u0101m iesp\u0113ju baud\u012bt oke\u0101na skaistumu un pla\u0161umu. Tom\u0113r, vienlaikus \u2013 da\u017ek\u0101rt mums ir iesp\u0113ja \u201cizlaist l\u012bkumu\u201d oke\u0101n\u0101 ar\u012b ar ne l\u012bdz galam dro\u0161u laivu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Otrk\u0101rt, lai augtu sav\u0101 prasm\u0113 bur\u0101t, mums ir j\u0101m\u0101c\u0101s atv\u0113rt buras, un j\u0101sp\u0113j k\u013c\u016bt ievainojamiem iesp\u0113jamo dz\u012bves vi\u013c\u0146u un v\u0113ju priek\u0161\u0101. Augt caur praksi nep\u0101rtraukti \u2013 dienu no dienas. M\u0113s vienm\u0113r varam izv\u0113l\u0113ties m\u016bsu v\u0113rt\u012bb\u0101m atbilsto\u0161\u0101ko bur\u0101\u0161anas virzienu (virzienu, nevis gala m\u0113r\u0137i, jo oke\u0101ns ir mums nezin\u0101ms pla\u0161ums); m\u0113s varam tiekties, alkt izp\u0113t\u012bt un atkl\u0101t to, kas rodas m\u016bsu ce\u013c\u0101, izaicin\u0101t vi\u013c\u0146us, pie\u0161\u0137ir noz\u012bmi tam, ko pieredzam; un gala beig\u0101s \u2013 iem\u012bl\u0113t bur\u0101\u0161anu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ja dro\u0161\u012bbas izj\u016bta galvenok\u0101rt nor\u0101da uz aizsardz\u012bbas vajadz\u012bbu, tad izaugsmi motiv\u0113 zin\u0101tk\u0101re, atv\u0113rt\u012bba, izpausme, izpratne, jaunu iesp\u0113ju rad\u012b\u0161ana un atkl\u0101juma gars. Citas dz\u012bves bur\u0101\u0161anas vajadz\u012bbas \u2013 nodoms (<em>purpose<\/em>) un m\u012blest\u012bba \u2013 balst\u0101s uz vajadz\u012bbu sasniegt augst\u0101ku sevis integr\u0101cijas l\u012bmeni un sniegt kaut ko noz\u012bm\u012bgu pasaulei. Un, j\u0101\u0146em v\u0113r\u0101, ka m\u012blest\u012bbas vajadz\u012bba at\u0161\u0137iras no vajadz\u012bbas p\u0113c saiknes ar cilv\u0113kiem, kas ir da\u013ca no dro\u0161\u012bbas. Jo, augst\u0101kos m\u012blest\u012bbas l\u012bme\u0146os ir iesp\u0113jams m\u012bl\u0113t ar\u012b tos, ar kuriem netiek izjusta cie\u0161a saikne, un ir iesp\u0113jams r\u016bp\u0113ties ar\u012b par tiem, ar kuriem neesam pat sastapu\u0161ies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Buru laiva k\u0101 metafora vajadz\u012bbu un motiv\u0101cijas aprakst\u012b\u0161anai \u0161\u0137iet veiksm\u012bg\u0101ka, jo t\u0101 akcent\u0113 nevis konkr\u0113tu l\u012bmeni, kur\u0161 cilv\u0113kam j\u0101sasniedz, bet gan harmonisku integr\u0101ciju un mijiedarb\u012bb\u0101 ar pasauli. Turkl\u0101t, t\u0101 nor\u0101da un past\u0101v\u012bgu b\u016b\u0161anu kust\u012bb\u0101. Buru pacel\u0161ana v\u0113l nenoz\u012bm\u0113, ka z\u016bd vajadz\u012bba p\u0113c laivas stabilit\u0101tes uzman\u012b\u0161anas, un tas, ka paceltas buras, v\u0113l nenoz\u012bm\u0113, ka nav iesp\u0113jams iek\u013c\u016bt v\u0113tr\u0101. Lai sp\u0113tu bur\u0101t, ir nepiecie\u0161ama dro\u0161\u012bbas un izaugsmes vajadz\u012bbu integr\u0101cija.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Transcendence k\u0101 integr\u0101cijas rezult\u0101ts<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Da\u017ek\u0101rt, kad neesam aiz\u0146emti ar dro\u0161\u012bbas vajadz\u012bbu piepild\u012b\u0161anu, m\u0113s pie\u0137eram sevi \u201c\u0137erot v\u0113ju\u201d \u2013 tie ir br\u012b\u017ei, kad m\u0113r\u0137tiec\u012bgi virz\u0101mies atkl\u0101juma, m\u012blest\u012bbas un nodoma virzien\u0101. Tie ir br\u012b\u017ei, kad m\u0113s varam piedz\u012bvot transcendenci. Transcendences st\u0101voklis p\u0101rsniedz individu\u0101l\u0101s izaugsmes robe\u017eas un \u013cauj sasniegt augst\u0101ko vienot\u012bbas un harmonijas l\u012bmeni ar sevi un pasauli. Transcendence, kas balst\u0101s stabilos dro\u0161\u012bbas un izaugsmes pamatos, \u013cauj mums ieg\u016bt viedumu, vienot\u012bbas izj\u016btu un siner\u0123ijas izj\u016btu ar p\u0101r\u0113jo cilv\u0113ci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Transcendenti apzi\u0146as st\u0101vok\u013ci ir tie mirk\u013ci, kad m\u0113s patie\u0161\u0101m bur\u0101jam \u2013 tie ir pa\u0161i br\u012bni\u0161\u0137\u012bg\u0101kie m\u016bsu dz\u012bves mirk\u013ci. Tom\u0113r, j\u0101piemin, ka transcendenci t\u0101s vesel\u012bg\u0101 izpausm\u0113 nevar m\u0113r\u0137tiec\u012bgi sasniegt \u2013 t\u0101 k\u0101 par\u0101d\u012bba rodas harmoniski, piln\u012bgas sevis integr\u0101cijas rezult\u0101t\u0101, kas iet roku rok\u0101 ar izkoptu izpratni par kalpo\u0161anu kopumam. Transcendence n\u0101k \u201ckomplekt\u0101\u201d ar darbu pie sevis, k\u0101 izj\u016bta, kura papla\u0161ina siner\u0123iju ar pasauli.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u0113s alkstam p\u0113c pieder\u012bbas, sapratnes, dro\u0161\u012bbas un jauniem atkl\u0101jumiem \u2013 tas, p\u0113c Maslova dom\u0101m, noz\u012bm\u0113 b\u016bt cilv\u0113kam. Lai k\u0101d\u0101 st\u0101vokl\u012b b\u016btu m\u016bsu buru laiva, m\u0113s tiecamies bur\u0101t. Laiva ir rad\u012bta tam, lai dotos \u016bde\u0146os. M\u0113s v\u0113lamies sajust to v\u0113ju bur\u0101s, br\u012bv\u012bbas un laimes saj\u016btu \u2013 m\u0113s v\u0113lamies piedz\u012bvot transcendenci. Un, lai ar\u012b m\u0113s katrs virz\u0101mies sav\u0101 virzien\u0101, gala beig\u0101s \u2013 m\u0113s visi ku\u0123ojam vienos \u016bde\u0146os.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buymeacoffee.com\/daigakatrina\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"966\" height=\"271\" src=\"https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/buy_me_a_coffee.png\" alt=\"buy me a coffee\" class=\"wp-image-4311\" style=\"object-fit:contain;width:210px;height:64px\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/buy_me_a_coffee.png 966w, https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/buy_me_a_coffee-300x84.png 300w, https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/buy_me_a_coffee-768x215.png 768w, https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/buy_me_a_coffee-18x5.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 966px) 100vw, 966px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:67%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0160is bezmaksas saturs ir tapis man\u0101 br\u012bvaj\u0101 laik\u0101 bez darba samaksas. Ja man\u0101 veikum\u0101 saskat\u0101t v\u0113rt\u012bbu, priec\u0101\u0161os par kafijas uzsauk\u0161anu! T\u0101 ir k\u0101 dzinulis jauna satura veido\u0161an\u0101!<\/em> \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Avoti:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bridgman, T., Cummings, S. &amp; Ballard J. (2019). Who Built Maslow\u2019s Pyramid? A History of the Creation of Management Studies\u2019 Most Famous Symbol and Its Implications for Management Education,\u00a0<em>Academy of Management Learning &amp; Education<\/em>,\u00a0<em>18<\/em>(1), 81\u201398.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kaufman, K. B. Sailboat Metaphor [Blog post]. Retrieved from https:\/\/scottbarrykaufman.com\/sailboat-metaphor\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.scientificamerican.com\/beautiful-minds\/who-created-maslows-iconic-pyramid\/\">Kaufman, K. B. (2019, April 23). Who Created Maslow\u2019s Iconic Pyramid? [Blog post].<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation.\u00a0<em>Psychological Review, 50<\/em>(4), 370\u2013396.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yoshida, T. (2020, February 20). Maslow\u2019s Final Theory Z [Blog post]. Retrieved from https:\/\/agile-od.com\/reflective-leadership\/maslows-final-theory-z<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Uz k\u0101d\u0101m cilv\u0113ka vajadz\u012bb\u0101m nor\u0101da interese par transcendentiem apzi\u0146as st\u0101vok\u013ciem un tiek\u0161an\u0101s praktiz\u0113t metodes, kas pal\u012bdz tajos non\u0101kt (medit\u0101cija, joga, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4402,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[59],"class_list":["post-4401","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-garigums","tag-garigums"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4401","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4401"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4401\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4403,"href":"https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4401\/revisions\/4403"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4402"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4401"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4401"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daigakatrina.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4401"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}